Oscillating machine.



No. 669,587. Patented Mar. I2, l90l. E. Y. MOORE.

OSCILLATING ENGINE.

(Application filed Jan. 4, 1899.) (No Modal.) 3 Shoots-Sheot l.

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No. 669,587. Patented Mar. 12, 190i.

E. v. MOORE.

OSCILLATING ENGINE.

(Application filed Jan. 4, 1899.) (No Model) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

7{ 21 6a 5 07 I w 6 (11'0". 5%, WM W? W No. 669,587. Patented Mar. [2, Mil. E. Y. MOORE.

OSGILLATING ENGINE.

(Application filed Jan, 4, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Shaets8haet 3.

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UNITED ST TES ATENT FFICE.

EDIVARD Y. MOORE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE OHISI-IOLM & MOORE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

OSCILLATING ENGINE.

PECEFICA'IION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 669,587, dated March 12, 1901.

Application filed January 4, 1899. Serial No. 701,118. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD Y. MOORE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvementin Oscillating Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accom panying drawings.

My invention relates, primarily, to oscillating engines for compressed air or steam of that general class which are designed for isolated installation-as, for example, for the individual operation of a hoist, crane, or machine-tool.

My object is to provide a motor composed of such engines in a form which shall be very complete and cheap in construction and durable and efficient in service.

, My motor includes two oscillating cylinders within a casing, which carries passages leading to the cylinders, and the present invention is concerned with such incased motor, with the form of the cylinders, with their adjustment within the casing, with the passages leading to the cylinders from the main valve, and with means for preventing the too-sudden operations of the main valve. These features will be hereinafter fully explained. The invention may be conveniently summarized as consisting of the combinations of parts hereinafter described, and enumerated in the claims. 7

Thedrawings clearly show my invention embodied in an engine adapted to be secured to a suitable vertical support and having its valve controlled by a hand-chain.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of such engine; Fig. 2, a side elevation, partly broken away, 0 to show the interior; and Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the interior of the engine, being taken from the same point of view as Fig. l, but with the cover-plates and attached parts removed. Figs. 4: and 5 are elevations of plates which cover the casing,the plate in Fig. 4 being attached immediately to the casing and the plate in Fig. 5 outside the plate in Fig. 4. The view of Fig. 4 is taken from the .same point as Figs. 1 and 3, while Fig. 5 is 5o taken from the opposite directiont'. 6., looking at the rear side of that plate. Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the valve-chest, being taken on the line 6 (i of Fig. 2, looking toward the left of that figure and showing the valve and its operating-eccentric. Figs. 7 and 8 are, respectively, a horizontal section and a vertical section on lines 7 7 and 8 8 of Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a central section through one of the oscillating cylinders, being taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 3.

Referring to the parts by letters, A represents a casing adapted to contain oscillating cylinders. This casing is of such shape as to provide convenient space for two. cylinders and the crank which they operate. The Gas ing is shown as having lugs a, by which it may be secured to a suitable support, as T.

B and B represent a pair of cylinders within the casing, having trunnions b 19?, which extend into recesses at the back of the cas- 7o ing and in the cover-plates. The former recess is designated ct and is formed in a boss cast integral with the back of the casing.

0 represents the main shaft, which extends into the casing and carries at its forward end the disk crank D. On the crank-pin d of this crank take the heads 6 on the piston-rods E, which extend into the cylinders B and B. These piston-rods have secured to them pistons a, packed against the cylinder 13 by suitable packing, that shown being graphite rings 6 contained within brass rings 6 In place of a stuffing-box for the piston-rods 1 may provide a packing F, of leather or other material, held in place by a washerf, secured to the inner side of the cylinder-head.

The cylinders B and B are composed of barrels b, which carry trunnions b b and the heads 19 and b secured to the ends of the barrel. The passages to the cylinders (designated 5 b) are made through the heads, thus minimizing the clearance in the cylinder. At the entrance to these passages, on either side thereof, the head is made flat, as shown, and is adapted to cont-act with the cover-plate in apposition to an opening therein and form a valve therewith as the cylinder oscillates.

The cover-plate, with which the cylinderheads contact, is indicated by G and is shown in face view in Fig. 4. It is of such shape as to cover the casing and has openings 9, which receive the trunnions of the cylinders, and openings or ports g gfi'q g, with which the outer cylinder-heads b are adapted to form valves, and corresponding ports 9 g g g,

cooperating with the inner cylinder-heads U. The cylinder-heads are held in close contact with the plate G by the screw K, passing through the. boss at, against the trunnion b, and locked by the set-screw k.

Secured to the outer side of the plate G is the plate H, which has ports, (indicated by h k which I call the main ports, extending through it. Grooves are made in one or both of the opposing faces of the plates H and G, connecting the ports h h with the ports in the plate G. I have shown these grooves as being in-the plate H, and they are indicated by h and 71 and are of the shape shown in Fig. 5. The port 72, enters the groove h and the port It the groove h, and each groove connects one of these main ports with ports in the plate G, which cooperate with the two ends of the two cylinders. Thus each groove connects with four of the ports in the plate G, the position of these ports with reference to the grooves being indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5. The two ports which relate to the same cylinder are on the same side of the plane through the trunnions of that cylinder and the axis of the shaft and are on one side of that plane in one cylinder and on the other side in the other. Thus the main port h connects by the groove h with the'ports g g g g and the port 71, connects with the ports g g g 9 If by the position of the main valve, hereinafter described, the main port 77. is for the entrance of air under pressure or live steam and the port h is connected with the exhaust and the cylinders are in the position shown .in Fig. 3that is, with the piston of the cylh'aust fluid will pass from the outer end of that cylinder through the passage 19 and the alined port 9 into the groove 77, and through the port It to the exhaust. The cylinder B in this position stands with its passages 17 b midway of the corresponding ports in the plate G, and hence receives no air or steam. As the piston in. the cylinder B completes its stroke the passages in the heads of the cylinder B come into apposition with the ports 9 and g whereupon live fluid enters the inner end of that cylinder and the outer end is connected with the exhaust. Thus when the main ports h h are connected with the live fluid and exhaust, as presupposed, the crank and shaft are revolved in a right-handed direction, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3. If the main port 71 were connected with the exhaust and live fluid admitted through the main port it, the direction of rotation would be reversed.

Bolted against a boss 71 formed on the ront side of the plate H, is the chest J for compressed air or steam, which I call the valvechest. This valve-chest is open-sided toward the boss and has the entrance-opening j, by which live fluid is admitted from a pipe O,screwing into this opening. Within the valve-chest and riding against the face of the boss k is the D-valve L. This valve is a plate having on its operative side a rectangular recess land is guided between cleats M and M, secured to or integral with the boss If.

The valveis adapted by its position to connect either port h or h with the exhaust-port h, located between them, or to close the two ports h 72 entirely when the valve stands at its middle position. The exhaust-port h is formed in the plate H, but does not pass through that plate, passing simply into it and then extending upward into a sleeve h", cast integral with the plate, into which sleeve an exhaust-pipe N may be screwed.

The main valve is operated by an eccentric p, which takes between lugs Z Z on the valve. This eccentric is secured rigidly to a shaft P, journaled in a boss on the front wall of the valve-chest. A leather Washer Q or other packing between the eccentric and the front wall of the valve-chest packs the shaft-bearing and holds the valve against its seat with proper pressure, the fluid under pressure in the valve-chest seating the valve beyond leakage. The'shaftPextends out of the valvechest and carries suitable means for oscillating it, that shown being a pulley p and achain R, which takes over the pulley, lying in pockets therein and furnishing convenient means for turning the shaft from a distance, as from below the engine.

In order to prevent the too-sudden opening of the ports by a jerk on the operating mechanism, .I provide an arm p rigid with the shaft P and carrying near its outer end a weight 10 This weight normally hangs by gravity in its lowest position, and thus keeps the valve in its middle position, closing both ports; but when the shaft P is turned to open a port the weight in its movement acts with a continually-increasing leverage. Thus if a sudden movement is given to the shaft P, as by a jerk on the chain'R, the weight soon causes equilibrium, and an increasing force must thereafter be applied to operate the valve.

Suitable stops p 19 carried by the pulley p, are adapted to engage with a lugj carried on the front side of the valve-chest, and limit the movement of the pulley and valve in either direction.

In order that comparatively slight forces may not displace the valve from its middle position (where the leverage of the weightp is very small) and to prevent the weight when released swinging beyond its lowest point and reversing the valve, I provide on the rear side of the pulley p a spring 19 having a V- shaped nose which is adapted to take into a IIK ecassr corresponding groove j? in the lngj As the weight p comes to its lowest position the V- shaped nose of the spring 19 will pass into the groovej and the spring-pressure on the beveled surfaces of the groove and spring will stop the valve in its middle position and re tain it against comparatively slight forces.

Having described my invention. I claim 1. In an engine, a casing consisting of a back plate and a surrounding wall, a coverplate engaging the wall of said casing, said plate and casing thus making a substantially closed box, a pair of oscillating cylinders within the casing journaled on axes which are parallel with each other and side by side, said axes being intermediate of the ends of the cylinders, a pair of openings into each cylinder on opposite sides of its axis, ports through the cover of the box adapted to cooperate with the openings in the cylinders, a pair of passage-ways in the cover of the box connected with said ports in two groups, a reversing-valve on the outer side of said cover adapted to connect either passage-way with the admission and the other with the exhaust, a crank-shaft extending into the box, a crank thereon within the box and a piston and rod for each cylinder taking on the same crankpin, substantially as described.

2. In an oscillating engine, a plate G having openings through it, a second plate H secured against the plate G and having ports through it, grooves in one of the contiguous faces of the plates G and H connecting said openings and ports, in combination with an oscillating cylinder receiving its operating fluid through the openings in the plate G, substantially as described.

3. In an oscillating engine, in combination, a casing, a cylinder contained therein, a plate secured to said casing, there being openings through said plate which may connect with said cylinder, a second plate secured to the first and having openings in it, grooves between said plates which lead from points op posite the openings of the first plate to points opposite the openings in the second plate, and a valve on the outer side of the second plate governing such last-mentioned openings, substantially as described.

4. An oscillating cylinder, passages leading to each end thereof, a plate held in apposition with said cylinder and having openings which form ports leading to the cylinder, a part moved by the cylinder being a valve for said ports,in combination with another plate lying against the first-mentioned plate, grooves encompassed by said plates and thus constituting passage-ways between the two plates, a valve-chest on the outer side of this latter plate, ports from the valve-chest to said grooves,and a valve in said valve-chest which is adapted to govern said ports, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the plate H having the main ports h k through it, a recess 7?. in the outer side of said plate, a valve suitably held on the outer side of the plate and adapted to connect either port It or 71 with the recess h, a plate G held contiguous to the inner side of the plate H and having ports through it, grooves encompassed by the plates G and H and connecting the ports in each, in combination with an oscillating cylinder on the oppositeside of the plate G, and adapted to coope rate with the ports in said plate, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a casing, a pair of oscillating cylinders therein, a crank within said casing, pistons connected with the crank and the cylinders, and a plate adapted to be seen red to said casing, said plate having eight port-openings adapted to be in apposition with the cylinders, there being two port-openings for each end of a cylinder, said portopenings being on either side of the plane connecting the center of oscillation of that cylinder with the center of revolution of the crank-pin, a plate H bearing against the plate G and having ports through it, grooves encompassed by the plates G and H, each of said grooves connecting one of said ports in the plate H with four port-openings in the plate G-one for each end of each cylinder, the two openings for one cylinder being on the same side of the plate connecting the center of oscillation of that cylinder with the center of revolution of the crank-pin and the openings which are for different cylinders being on the opposite sides of such planes, substantially as described.

7. In an engine, a pair of oscillating cylinders, an inclosing casing therefor, a covering for said casing, a crank shaft projecting through said casing, pistons with rods taking onto a crank on said shaft, openings on the inner face of said covering cooperating with the cylinderports, ports connecting with said openings on the outer face of said covering, a valve cooperating with the ports on said outer face, said cylinders having trunnions mounted in recesses in said casing and covering, and means for adjustably holding said cylinders against said covering, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a pair of cylinders, a plateH having in it a pair of ports h 72 a passageway leading from said ports to the cylinders, an exhaust-port, a valve-chest rigid with said plate H, a valve within said valve-chest operating to connect either port with the exhaust-port, a suitably-journaled shaft passing into said valve-chest, a pulley on said shaft whereby the same may be partially rotated, a pair of stops carried by the pulley, a stop on the outer side of the valvechest with which said stops on the pulley may engage, said stop on the valve-chest having a groove in its face, a spring carried by the pulley and having a nose which is adapted to enter said groove in the central position of the valve, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a casing, a plat-e carried by the casing, a shaft extending out of the casing, a crank on the shaft within the casing, a pair of oscillating cylinders within the casing, pistons within the cylinders having rods connected to the crank-pin, each cylinder consisting of a barrel, and a pair of heads, which heads are flattened on the side toward the plate and are adapted to engage therewith, passages through saidheads from the ends of the barrel to said flattened faces, said passages terminating a plane passing through the 'aXis of the cylinder, and eight ports through the plate, two cooperating with each end of each cylinder, the ports at opposite ends of the cylinders alining with the openings into the cylinders at either extreme position'of the cylinders, and passage-Ways leading to and from said port-s, substantially as described.

10. An oscillating cylinder composed of a barrel 1) having trunnions 7) 19 heads for said barrel, which heads have flattened faces on a plane at right angles to the axis of the trunnions, passages 19 I) through said heads from the ends of the barrel to such flattened faces, in combination with a plate G having an opening g in which the trunnion Z) is journaled, and having port-openings adapted to aline with the openings 19 b and with which said flattened faces of the heads form valves, substantially as described. I

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD Y. MOORE.

Witnesses:

CHAS. W. CHESNUTT, ALBERT H. BATES. 

